Two British attempts at establishing the island as a penal colony (1788-1814 and 1825-55) were ultimately abandoned. In 1856, the island was resettled by Pitcairn Islanders, descendants of the Bounty mutineers and their Tahitian companions.

Oceania, island in the South Pacific Ocean, east of Australia
29 02 S, 167 57 E
Oceania
total: 34.6 sq km ; land: 34.6 sq km ; water: 0 sq km
about 0.2 times the size of Washington, DC
0 km
32 km
territorial sea: 12 nm ; exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm
subtropical; mild, little seasonal temperature variation
volcanic formation with mostly rolling plains
lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m ; highest point: Mount Bates 319 m
fish
arable land: 0% ; permanent crops: 0% ; other: 100% (2005)
NA


typhoons (especially May to July)
NA

most of the 32 km coastline consists of almost inaccessible cliffs, but the land slopes down to the sea in one small southern area on Sydney Bay, where the capital of Kingston is situated
2,114 (July 2007 est.)
0-14 years: 20.2% ; 15-64 years: 63.9% ; 65 years and over: 15.9% (2007 est.)

0.006% (2007 est.)
NA
NA
NA
NA
total: NA ; male: NA ; female: NA
total population: NA ; male: NA ; female: NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
noun: Norfolk Islander(s) ; adjective: Norfolk Islander(s)
descendants of the Bounty mutineers, Australian, New Zealander, Polynesian
Anglican 34.9%, Roman Catholic 11.7%, Uniting Church in Australia 11.2%, Seventh-Day Adventist 2.8%, Australian Christian 2.4%, Jehovah's Witness 0.9%, other 2.7%, unspecified 15.2%, none 18.1% (2001 census)
English (official), Norfolk - a mixture of 18th century English and ancient Tahitian
NA


conventional long form: Territory of Norfolk Island ; conventional short form: Norfolk Island
NA
name: Kingston ; geographic coordinates: 29 03 S, 167 58 E ; time difference: UTC+11.5 (16.5 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
none (territory of Australia)

none (territory of Australia)
Bounty Day (commemorates the arrival of Pitcairn Islanders), 8 June (1856)
Norfolk Island Act of 1979, as amended in 2005
based on the laws of Australia, local ordinances and acts; English common law applies in matters not covered by either Australian or Norfolk Island law
18 years of age; universal
chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by the Australian governor general ; head of government: Administrator Grant TAMBLING (since 1 November 2003) ; cabinet: Executive Council is made up of four of the nine members of the Legislative Assembly; the council devises government policy and acts as an advisor to the administrator ; elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; administrator appointed by the governor general of Australia and represents the monarch and Australia
unicameral Legislative Assembly (9 seats; members elected by electors who have nine equal votes each but only four votes can be given to any one candidate; to serve three-year terms) ; elections: last held 20 October 2004 (next to be held by December 2007) ; election results: seats - independents 9 (note - no political parties)
Supreme Court; Court of Petty Sessions
none
none
UPU
three vertical bands of green (hoist side), white, and green with a large green Norfolk Island pine tree centered in the slightly wider white band
none (territory of Australia)
none (territory of Australia)
self governing territory of Australia; administered from Canberra by the Department of Transport and Regional Services




Tourism, the primary economic activity, has steadily increased over the years and has brought a level of prosperity unusual among inhabitants of the Pacific islands. The agricultural sector has become self-sufficient in the production of beef, poultry, and eggs.
$NA




NA
agriculture: 10% ; industry and services: 90%






revenues: $4.6 million ; expenditures: $4.8 million (FY99/00)

Norfolk Island pine seed, Kentia palm seed, cereals, vegetables, fruit; cattle, poultry
tourism, light industry, ready mixed concrete

NA kWh
fossil fuel: 0% ; hydro: 0% ; nuclear: 0% ; other: 0% (2002)
NA kWh













$1.5 million f.o.b. (FY91/92)
postage stamps, seeds of the Norfolk Island pine and Kentia palm, small quantities of avocados
Australia, other Pacific island countries, NZ, Asia, Europe (2006)
$17.9 million c.i.f. (FY91/92)
Australia, other Pacific island countries, NZ, Asia, Europe (2006)


$NA



Australian dollar (AUD)
AUD
Australian dollars per US dollar - 1.2137 (2007), 1.3285 (2006), 1.3095 (2005), 1.3598 (2004), 1.5419 (2003)
1 July - 30 June
$NA
2,532; note - a mix of analog (2500) and digital (32) circuits (2004)
0; note - proposed cellular service disallowed in August 2002 island referendum (2002)
general assessment: adequate ; domestic: free local calls ; international: country code - 672; undersea coaxial cable links with Australia and New Zealand; satellite earth station
AM 1, FM 3, shortwave 0 (2005)
2,500 (1996)
1 (local programming station plus 2 repeaters that air Australian programs by satellite) (2005)
1,200 (1996)
.nf
96 (2007)
2 (2000)
700 (2002 est.)

1 (2007)
total: 1 ; 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2007)




total: 80 km ; paved: 53 km ; unpaved: 27 km (2002)


none; loading jetties at Kingston and Cascade







defense is the responsibility of Australia
none



