The third smallest state in Europe (after the Holy See and Monaco), San Marino also claims to be the world's oldest republic. According to tradition, it was founded by a Christian stonemason named Marino in A.D. 301. San Marino's foreign policy is aligned with that of Italy; social and political trends in the republic also track closely with those of its larger neighbor.

Southern Europe, an enclave in central Italy
43 46 N, 12 25 E
Europe
total: 61.2 sq km ; land: 61.2 sq km ; water: 0 sq km
about 0.3 times the size of Washington, DC
total: 39 km ; border countries: Italy 39 km
0 km (landlocked)
none (landlocked)
Mediterranean; mild to cool winters; warm, sunny summers
rugged mountains
lowest point: Torrente Ausa 55 m ; highest point: Monte Titano 755 m
building stone
arable land: 16.67% ; permanent crops: 0% ; other: 83.33% (2005)
NA


NA
NA
party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Whaling ; signed, but not ratified: Air Pollution
landlocked; smallest independent state in Europe after the Holy See and Monaco; dominated by the Apennines
29,615 (July 2007 est.)
0-14 years: 16.8% (male 2,573/female 2,404) ; 15-64 years: 66.1% (male 9,388/female 10,178) ; 65 years and over: 17.1% (male 2,190/female 2,882) (2007 est.)
total: 40.9 years ; male: 40.6 years ; female: 41.3 years (2007 est.)
1.219% (2007 est.)
9.89 births/1,000 population (2007 est.)
8.27 deaths/1,000 population (2007 est.)
10.57 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2007 est.)
at birth: 1.09 male(s)/female ; under 15 years: 1.07 male(s)/female ; 15-64 years: 0.922 male(s)/female ; 65 years and over: 0.76 male(s)/female ; total population: 0.915 male(s)/female (2007 est.)
total: 5.53 deaths/1,000 live births ; male: 5.96 deaths/1,000 live births ; female: 5.07 deaths/1,000 live births (2007 est.)
total population: 81.8 years ; male: 78.33 years ; female: 85.57 years (2007 est.)
1.34 children born/woman (2007 est.)
NA
NA
NA
noun: Sammarinese (singular and plural) ; adjective: Sammarinese
Sammarinese, Italian
Roman Catholic
Italian
definition: age 10 and over can read and write ; total population: 96% ; male: 97% ; female: 95%


conventional long form: Republic of San Marino ; conventional short form: San Marino ; local long form: Repubblica di San Marino ; local short form: San Marino
republic
name: San Marino ; geographic coordinates: 43 56 N, 12 25 E ; time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time) ; daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October
9 municipalities (castelli, singular - castello); Acquaviva, Borgo Maggiore, Chiesanuova, Domagnano, Faetano, Fiorentino, Montegiardino, San Marino Citta, Serravalle

3 September AD 301
Founding of the Republic, 3 September (AD 301)
8 October 1600; electoral law of 1926 serves some of the functions of a constitution
based on civil law system with Italian law influences; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
18 years of age; universal
chief of state: Co-chiefs of State Captain Regent Mirko TOMASSONI and Captain Regent Alberto SELVA (for the period 1 October 2007-31 March 2008) ; head of government: Secretary of State for Foreign and Political Affairs Fiorenzo STOLFI (since 27 July 2006) ; cabinet: Congress of State elected by the Great and General Council for a five-year term ; elections: co-chiefs of state (captains regent) elected by the Great and General Council for a six-month term; election last held in September 2007 (next to be held in March 2008); secretary of state for foreign and political affairs elected by the Great and General Council for a five-year term; election last held 27 July 2006 (next to be held by 2011) ; election results: Mirko TOMASSONI and Alberto SELVA elected captains regent; percent of legislative vote - NA; Fiorenzo STOLFI elected secretary of state for foreign and political affairs; percent of legislative vote - NA ; note: the popularly elected parliament (Grand and General Council) selects two of its members to serve as the Captains Regent (co-chiefs of state) for a six-month period; they preside over meetings of the Grand and General Council and its cabinet (Congress of State), which has 10 other members, all selected by the Grand and General Council; assisting the captains regent are 10 secretaries of state; the secretary of state for Foreign Affairs has assumed some prime ministerial roles
unicameral Grand and General Council or Consiglio Grande e Generale (60 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms) ; elections: last held 4 June 2006 (next to be held by June 2011) ; election results: percent of vote by party - PDCS 32.9%, Party of Socialists and Democrats 31.9%, AP 11.9%, United Left 8.7%, New Socialist Party 5.4%, other parties 9.2%; seats by party - PDCS 21, Party of Socialists and Democrats 20, AP 7, United Left 5, New Socialist Party 3, others 4; note - following a government reshuffle on 28 NOvember 2007, a splinter party of the PDCS joined the center-left coalition formed by the Party of Socialists and Democrats, the APDS, and the United Left strengthening the government's parliamentary majority to 36 seats out of 60
Council of Twelve or Consiglio dei XII
Communist Refoundation or RC [Ivan FOSHI]; Ideas in Movement or IM [Alessandro ROSSI]; National Alliance or AN [Glauco SANSOVINI]; New Socialist Party [Augusto CASALI]; Party of Socialists and Democrats [Claudio FELICI]; San Marino Christian Democratic Party or PDCS [Pier Marino MENICUCCI]; San Marino Popular Alliance of Democrats or AP [Roberto GIORGETTI]; San Marino Socialist Party or PSS [Alberto CECCHETTI]; Socialists for Reform or SR [Renzo GIARDI]; United Left
NA
CE, FAO, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICRM, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM (observer), IPU, ITU, ITUC, OPCW, OSCE, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, Union Latina, UNWTO, UPU, WHO, WIPO
two equal horizontal bands of white (top) and light blue with the national coat of arms superimposed in the center; the coat of arms has a shield (featuring three towers on three peaks) flanked by a wreath, below a crown and above a scroll bearing the word LIBERTAS (Liberty)
San Marino does not have an embassy in the US ; honorary consulate(s) general: New York, Washington, DC ; honorary consulate(s): Detroit, Honolulu
the US does not have an embassy in San Marino; the ambassador to Italy is accredited to San Marino





The tourist sector contributes over 50% of GDP. In 2006 more than 2.1 million tourists visited San Marino. The key industries are banking, clothing and apparel, electronics, and ceramics. Main agricultural products are wine and cheeses. The per capita level of output and standard of living are comparable to those of the most prosperous regions of Italy, which supplies much of its food.
$850 million (2004 est.)
$1.048 billion (2004)
4.6% (2004 est.)
$34,100 (2004 est.)
agriculture: NA% ; industry: NA% ; services: NA%
20,470 (2004)
agriculture: 0.2% ; industry: 40.1% ; services: 59.7% (2006 est.)
3.8% (2004)
NA%
lowest 10%: NA% ; highest 10%: NA%

-1.5% (2006)

revenues: $709.6 million ; expenditures: $672.3 million (2004)

wheat, grapes, corn, olives; cattle, pigs, horses, beef, cheese, hides
tourism, banking, textiles, electronics, ceramics, cement, wine
5.6% (2005 est.)
















$1.291 billion (2004)
building stone, lime, wood, chestnuts, wheat, wine, baked goods, hides, ceramics

$2.035 billion (2004)



$NA


$NA
euro (EUR)
EUR
euros per US dollar - 0.7345 (2007), 0.7964 (2006), 0.8041 (2005), 0.8054 (2004), 0.886 (2003)
calendar year
$NA
21,000 (2006)
17,390 (2006)
general assessment: adequate connections ; domestic: automatic telephone system completely integrated into Italian system; combined fixed-line and mobile-cellular teledensity exceeds 130 telephones per 100 persons ; international: country code - 378; connected to Italian international network
AM 0, FM 3, shortwave 0 (1998)
16,000 (1997)
1 (San Marino residents also receive broadcasts from Italy) (1997)
9,000 (1997)
.sm
3,344 (2007)
2 (2000)
15,400 (2006)







total: 104 km ; paved: 104 km (2003)




no regular military forces; Voluntary Military Force (Corpi Militari Voluntar) performs ceremonial duties and limited police functions (2006)

males age 18-49: 6,331 (2005 est.)
males age 18-49: 5,107 (2005 est.)
males age 18-49: 135 (2005 est.)
NA
defense is the responsibility of Italy
none



